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RBI cancelled two NBFC licences, barring non-banking financial business

52nd busiestof 140 comparable periods· top 37%

26 RBI action records published between 1 November 2025 and 30 November 2025: 21 fresh actions, 4 extensions of existing orders, 1 restriction lifted and 19 monetary-penalty actions with an amount stated, totalling ₹1.63 crore. That is 26 records against 36 over the same 30 days of October 2025, and ₹1.63 crore of disclosed penalty value against ₹99.0 lakh.

Period complete. 30 days covered.

Action records
26

36 in October 2025

Disclosed penalties
₹1.63 cr

₹99 L in October 2025

Severe actions · S4–S5
7

15 · 41.7% previously

Orders in force
27

5 expiring in the next window

When Action Arrived

Published action records across the covered window, split into RegOversight severity bands. Empty intervals remain visible.

RBI action records by publication interval and severity band
IntervalTotalS0–S1 · lifted / lowS2–S3 · moderate / highS4–S5 · major / severe
1 Nov0000
2 Nov0000
3 Nov0000
4 Nov4310
5 Nov0000
6 Nov0000
7 Nov3003
8 Nov0000
9 Nov0000
10 Nov3300
11 Nov1001
12 Nov0000
13 Nov1100
14 Nov1010
15 Nov0000
16 Nov0000
17 Nov0000
18 Nov0000
19 Nov0000
20 Nov5311
21 Nov1100
22 Nov0000
23 Nov0000
24 Nov4400
25 Nov0000
26 Nov1001
27 Nov0000
28 Nov2011
29 Nov0000
30 Nov0000

What Stood Out

Each finding is grounded in precomputed metrics. Open it to inspect the supporting numbers and the limits of the claim.

01

Bank penalty value rose while co-operative-bank value fell

Disclosed penalty value was ₹1.63 crore, up from ₹99.0 lakh in October 2025. Bank penalties were ₹1.31 crore against ₹31.8 lakh previously, while co-operative-bank penalties were ₹25.5 lakh against ₹62.5 lakh.

02

The severe-action share fell from October

Seven actions were severe, a 26.9% share, compared with 15 and 41.7% in October 2025. The period included one cancellation and one supersession, compared with three cancellations and one supersession previously.

03

Five orders were due to expire in December

At period end, 27 orders covering 27 entities were in force. Five were due to expire between 1 December 2025 and 31 December 2025.

What RBI Did and Where It Landed

Amber bars show the current mix. The fine marker shows the comparable earlier period, so a change is visible rather than merely asserted.

Action mix

Primary recorded action category.

  1. Monetary penalty19 · 73.1%

    Previous 20 · 55.6%

  2. Business restriction4 · 15.4%

    Previous 11 · 30.6%

  3. Action lifted1 · 3.8%

    Previous 1 · 2.8%

  4. Board supersession1 · 3.8%

    Previous 1 · 2.8%

  5. Licence cancellation1 · 3.8%

    Previous 3 · 8.3%

Lifecycle

Fresh actions, extensions and withdrawals.

  1. Fresh action21 · 80.8%

    Previous 28 · 77.8%

  2. Extension4 · 15.4%

    Previous 7 · 19.4%

  3. Lifted / withdrawn1 · 3.8%

    Previous 1 · 2.8%

Entity types

Action records by regulated-entity class, not entities affected.

  1. Co-operative bank20 · 76.9%

    Previous 31 · 86.1%

  2. NBFC4 · 15.4%

    Previous 4 · 11.1%

  3. Bank2 · 7.7%

    Previous 1 · 2.8%

Why RBI acted

Overlapping themes; one action may carry several reasons.

  1. Lending norms10 · 38.5%

    Previous 6 · 16.7%

  2. Governance & oversight8 · 30.8%

    Previous 9 · 25%

  3. KYC / AML8 · 30.8%

    Previous 10 · 27.8%

  4. Capital & exposure norms7 · 26.9%

    Previous 9 · 25%

  5. Reporting & disclosure7 · 26.9%

    Previous 17 · 47.2%

  6. Licensing breach5 · 19.2%

    Previous 3 · 8.3%

Defining Actions

Up to four non-duplicative actions selected for monetary impact, breadth, severity or relief. Quiet periods may show fewer.

  1. RBI imposes monetary penalty on HDFC Bank Limited

    Largest disclosed penaltyS4 High
    28 Nov 2025₹91.0 lakhmonetary penalty

    HDFC Bank Limited

    RBI penalized HDFC Bank Limited for contravention of Section 19(1)(a) read with Section 6(1) of the Banking Regulation Act and non-compliance with RBI directions on interest rates, outsourcing, and KYC. Its ₹91.0 lakh penalty was the largest disclosed penalty in the period.

    Read case briefRBI source

  4. Directions under Section 35A read with Section 56 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 – National Mercantile Co-operative Bank Ltd., Lucknow – Withdrawal of Directions

    ReliefS0 Lifted
    21 Nov 2025action lifted

    National Mercantile Co-operative Bank Ltd., Lucknow

    RBI withdrew the Section 35A read with Section 56 directions previously issued to National Mercantile Co-operative Bank Ltd., Lucknow. The release notes the directions had been modified and extended over time before withdrawal.

    Read case briefRBI source

What It Cost

19 actions had a disclosed amount. Totals and distribution shape are kept separate from action volume.

Median
₹1.5 L

Previous ₹1.2 L

Largest
₹91 L

Previous ₹31.8 L

Top five
₹1.46 cr

Previous ₹73.3 L

Percentiles
Suppressed

Too few priced actions for a stable tail estimate.

Change by entity type

Arithmetic attribution of the change in disclosed value. Contributions may exceed 100% or run in the opposite direction.

Entity typeCurrentPreviousContribution
Bank₹1.31 cr₹31.8 L153.7%
Co-operative bank₹25.5 L₹62.5 L-57.5%
NBFC₹7.2 L₹4.7 L3.9%

Entity Coverage

Declared
27
Names extracted
27
Canonical links
27
First seen
10

Entity counts are breadth indicators, not action counts. One bulk order can name hundreds of companies.

Orders Still in Force

Orders
27
Entities
27
Expiring next
5
Duplicate entity rows
0

Next expiry window: 1 Dec 2025–31 Dec 2025.